One thing about John Law, if you read the history on what he did, his currency system was not a fractional reserve. He was adamant about there being a one-to-one relationship between the paper currency and the amount of gold in banks or the national treasury. Unfortunately, he worked for the French King who was an absolute monarch. When the French King decided to print some free money to fund his spending, there wasn't much John Law could do about it. Once word got out that the one-to-one relationship was bogus, the currency rapidly lost value. The French King tried to stop this by passing laws that the currency had to be accepted at face value (sound familiar to US Dollars.) People took the paper, bought gold at face value, and took it out of the country. Of course, this left bagholders when there was not enough gold to go around. I could go on, but it is worth reading the story.